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In order to achieve good compression performance, correlation between the color components is first reduced by converting the RGB color space into a decorrelated color space. In baseline JPEG, a RGB image is first transformed into a luminance-chrominancc color space such as YCbCr. The advantage of converting the image into luminance-chrominance color space is that the luminance and chrominance components are very much decorrelated between each other. Moreover, the chrominance channels contain much redundant information and can easily be subsampled without sacrificing any visual quality for the reconstructed image. The transformation from RGB to YCbCr, is based on the following mathematical expression:
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