MIMO Fundamentals Opportunities, and Challenges ma
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Application background Multiuser MIMO Massive (MISO):M by K by 1 (think 100 or 10 x 500 x 50)Coherent, but simple, processingPotential to dramatically improve rate & reliabilityPotential to drastically scale down TX powerNot only theory, at least one known testbed (64 * - 10) Key Technology MIMO Operation MassiveEnough resources for pilots & CSI; feedback so, operate in TDD. NotOn the uplink,Acquire CSI from uplink pilots and/or blindly from dataDetect symbolsM by K linear processing (MRC, ZF, MMSE) nearly optimalOn the downlink,Use CSI obtained on the uplinkMake necessary adjustments based on reciprocity calibrationApply multiuser MIMO precodingSimple precoders desirable (and very good!): MRT, ZF, MMSE,...MRC/MRT operationIntracell interference will appear as noise1 bps/Hz/terminal K bps/Hz/terminal total;Distributed implementationZF/MMSE operationCan cancel out intra cell interferenceComputationally more demanding